- Corticosteroid in autoimmune hemolytic anemia can stop an immune system from, or limit its ability to, make antibodies (proteins) against red blood cells.
- There is a few available regimens recommended for corticosteroid dosing administration.
Journal of the European Hematology Association :
Prednisolone
- If none or minimal improvement is observed in the third week, this therapy is assumed to be ineffective
- After stabilization of hemoglobin, prednisone should be gradually and slowly tapered off at 10–15 mg weekly to a daily dose of 20–30 mg, then by 5 mg every 1–2 weeks until a dose of 15 mg, and subsequently by 2.5 mg every two weeks with the aim of withdrawing the drug
Methylprednisolone
- Intravenous methylprednisolone at 100–200 mg/day for 10–14 days or 250–1000 mg/day for 1–3 days
Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria:
Prednisolone
- Initial dose of 1 mg/kg/d prednisolone is administered until a hematocrit of greater than 30% or a hemoglobin level greater than 10 g/dL (thus, not necessarily a complete normalization of hemoglobin is reached)
- If this goal is not achieved within 3 weeks, second-line treatment is started because further improvement with steroid treatment is unlikely
- Once the treatment goal is achieved, the dose of prednisolone is reduced to 20 to 30 mg/d within a few weeks
- Thereafter, the prednisolone dose is tapered slowly (by 2.5-5 mg/d per month)
- An alternate-day regimen by reducing the dose gradually to nil on alternate days may reduce the side effects of steroids
Netherlands the Journal of Medicine:
Prednisolone
- 1 mg/kg/day is started, and depending on the clinical response is tapered slowly
- After stabilisation of the haemoglobin a scheme frequently used at our department is to taper prednisolone to a dosage to 20 mg/day in two weeks
- If the haemoglobin level remains stable, dosage can further be reduced to 10 mg/day after a month
- Thereafter, the steroid dosage can further be tapered and be stopped after two weeks
Uptodate:
Prednisolone
- The recommended initial doses are quite high - 1 to 1.5 mg/kg per day of prednisolone
- Doses in children are generally similar
- A successful treatment manifest by a rising hemoglobin concentration, is usually seen within one to three weeks
- Once remission has been achieved, the steroid dose must be tapered.
- In children, this can be done quite rapidly since the disease process is often self-limited. In adults, tapering should be more gradual in an attempt to find the lowest dose that will maintain an adequate remission
- The following tapering down schedule is found to be useful:
References
- Netherlands the Journal of Medicine. ‘Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia – A practical guide to cope with a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Retrieved from http://www.njmonline.nl/getpdf.php?id=1045
- Official Journal of the European Hematology Association. ‘Treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemias’.Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4181250/
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.’ How I treat autoimmune hemolytic anemias in adults’. Retrieved from http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/bloodjournal/116/11/1831.full.pdf?sso-checked=true
- Uptodate. 'Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia: Treatment'. Retrieved from https://www.uptodate.com.ezp.imu.edu.my/contents/warm-autoimmune-hemolytic-anemia-treatment
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